World Science Scholars
25.7 Combining Velocities
problems
Problem

Module 25: Combining Velocities — Problem 2

In this problem we reconsider the light-clock, and ask ourselves the following question: What if we have a version of the light-clock in which the bouncing projectile is not a photon, but is instead a ping pong ball bouncing between two horizontal surfaces? (Neglect air resistance, etc.) Will the rate of slowing on such a “ping pong ball clock” agree with the rate of slowing on a light-clock?

To this end, let the speed of the ping-pong ball in the stationary clock be ww, so the duration of a tick-tock in the stationary ping pong ball clock is Δtstationary=2Lw\Delta t_{\rm stationary}= \frac{2L}{w}. Let the time for a “tick”; on the moving clock, from our stationary vantage point, be Δt\Delta t. That is, let Δt\Delta t be the time for the ping pong ball to travel the diagonal trajectory from the lower surface to the upper surface, from the viewpoint of the stationary observer.

  1. 1. Question

    What is the velocity vector of the ping pong ball in the moving light clock as it travels the diagonal trajectory from the lower to the upper surface of the clock?

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  2. 2. Question

    What is the length of the upward diagonal trajectory in terms of LL, vv and Δt\Delta t?

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  3. 3. Question

    Using the first two parts, calculate Δt\Delta t in terms of LL, ww and vv. Notice that if you double your answer (to take into account that a tick-tock involves two diagonal trajectories), and express the result in terms of the stationary rate for "tick-tock," you will have re-derived the usual time dilation factor, but now using the ping-pong ball clock. That is, analysis of the light clock and the ping pong ball clock both yield the same rate for the slowing of time on a moving clock.

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