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Defining life is a difficult issue. The universe as we know it consists of matter, that is organised by the forces obeying physical laws into many forms that exhibit structures. The structures can be static as well as dynamic. A dynamic structure could evolve to reproduce itself. This dynamics or evolution of a structure would require input of energy. So if a structure can can some how pass on the its structure information when it duplicate itself and pass on the information of the process of duplication then we can talk of the structure reproducing itself. By information we mean here the information of the structure. Fundamental definition of information is is however another problem. These basic structure would somehow have to regulate and process the energy it takes in from the environment as well as respond to the changes in environment. These processes that extract energy also release some parts of the structure which become redundant as waste and with this also change the environment. The next property of a dynamic structure would be that it has a limited lifetime for if it could maintain itself indefinitely there would be no need to reproduce.This could be the case with emergent structures such as the formation of simple molecules from atoms. However a macro molecule may not form by an emergent process but by extracting energy from the environment to duplicate itself. How big such a molecule should be is not easy to figure out. How such a macro-molecule would form is also a mystery. Anyway the attribute that such a macro molecule acquires is self regulation. Once such structures have formed these could then evolve by combinations to more complex self regulating structures till such time that a living cell comes into existence. I have no idea how these processes take place but take place these must for otherwise life would not exist. Formation of more and more structures from cells to living creatures and to homo sapiens may take billions of years but it has happened on earth. So a living structure must have the attribute to duplicate and self regulate. Why a living cell must duplicate to survive is another mystery. There is no a-priori reason coming from the laws of nature that a cell can only survive for a limited time. When these structures reach a very high state of complexity, apparently these become aware of their existence. It is not clear what these really means and how one could differentiate this from being conscious. It is now quite amazing that today one can write self duplicating computer programs that have these attribute and could exist in the electronic processing units. In the some sense these programs could be classified as living entities. To summaries, it is still a puzzle, for me, how non living matter can change into living matter
The amazing fact is the connection of the entropy us given by area of the event horizon on the one hand and the log of the number of possible states on the other.
Every state is capable of storing at least a bit of information. So this tells us that there is a reservoir available to store information. However I have no idea how the information contained in the infilling matter and light could find its place in any one of the states that belong to this entropy. Perhaps the infalling matter must first
reach the singularity and perhaps the structure of the singularity somehow transfers the information to the states on the event horizon If the physical inverse is a hologram that can be modeled by the vibrating and rotating strings in dimensions greater than four, then it finally may be possible to explain the origin of the force of gravity.But of course I do not understand how this could be done. This hologram Universe would be an alternative to the Big Bang theory where till now the Big Bang itself belongs to the realm of myths.
To exist means there is location and there is time. Inside the Black Hole BH space-time may have a very complex structure than outside the BH and these inside structures could perhaps be modeled mathematically. Perhaps here time is running backward since everything moves towards the centre with velocities greater than the velocity of light, However since nothing escapes a BH we cannot observe this structure. And so we will never know. This shows that observation is less stronger than existence. The existence may be there but it may not be observable. Whatever we observe however has to exists.
The large number of states coming from the connection of entropy of the BH with number of states, may have its origin in the projection of inner space to the surface of event horizon. But all this is beyond my imagination. Fact is the BHs exist and these have interiors Contradictions probably arise for limited frameworks of descriptions. Combining different frameworks into a larger one is what leads to progress in resolving paradoxes. Typical example are the electric and magnetic forces being put together as an electromagnetic force as described be Maxwell equations.
Quantum gravity probably plays a role at Planck scale of 10^-33 cm. But at this scale the question arises if the space is still a continuum we are used to in our description of physics at higher scales. So the question arises, is it quantitation of gravity as a force or quantitation of space time as the stage for gravity, or both, that will resolve the problem. Something is surely weird at Planck scale.
For me the contradictions are in the very description of physics. For example velocity is defined as distance over time. How can we talk
of velocity at a point for which distance = 0 and time = 0. But of course this works in mechanics.
The photon is another example. A star emits a photon. If it is a spherical wave with its origin at the star which travels in all directions. Once it
is captured by the telescope, the spherical wave collapses. So that any observer elsewhere will not see this photon. If an observer elsewhere captures this photon, we here should not be able to see it.
Absolute zero temperature cannot be achieved because the lowest possible ground state does not have zero energy.
If arrow of time did not exist, how would one resolve the grandfathers’s paradox. And there is no reason for the time arrow to exist because the laws of physics are invariant to time reversal.